How Many Su-35 Fighters Are in Russia's Fleet?

Russia's Air Power: The Role of the Sukhoi Su-35

Russia's military aviation capabilities are a significant component of its global influence, with a vast array of aircraft that includes unmanned aerial vehicles, bombers, and fighter jets. This extensive fleet reflects the country's dedication to maintaining a strong presence in the skies amid shifting international dynamics and evolving aerial warfare technologies.

At the heart of Russia's modern air force is the Sukhoi Su-35, a multirole fighter jet that holds a prominent position in the nation’s arsenal. Often referred to as the "Flanker-E" by NATO, the Su-35 is considered a 4++ generation aircraft rather than a fifth-generation one due to its lack of full stealth features. However, it remains a powerful asset thanks to its advanced technology and capabilities.

Estimates suggest that Russia operates approximately 114 Su-35 fighter jets, according to reports from sources like the World Directory of Modern Military Aircraft and the Kyiv Independent. These aircraft are manufactured by Sukhoi, the second-largest producer of military aircraft in Russia after MiG. The first prototype of the Su-35 made its debut in June 1988, initially intended for export before becoming a key part of Russia's own air force. The production version, known as the Su-35s, entered service in 2014 after years of development and refinement.

Advanced Features and Capabilities

The Sukhoi Su-35 is a significantly upgraded version of the Su-27, sharing many external similarities but featuring a completely redesigned airframe, updated avionics, and an advanced electronics package. It is powered by two Saturn AL-41 thrust vectoring engines, which, combined with its flight surfaces and a sophisticated fly-by-wire system, provide exceptional maneuverability. The aircraft can reach speeds of up to Mach 2.25, making it a supersonic threat.

Designed for versatility, the Su-35 can perform a variety of missions, including air superiority, ground strikes, and anti-ship operations. It is capable of carrying up to 12 short-range missiles, surpassing the F-22 Raptor in this aspect. Its advanced radar systems allow it to track up to 30 targets simultaneously while engaging eight at once. Additionally, the aircraft is equipped with a 30 mm Gryazev-Shipunov GSh-301 autocannon for close combat situations.

Combat Experience and Challenges

The Su-35 saw its first combat deployment in 2016 during Russia's intervention in Syria. Initially, a small number of aircraft were sent to engage ground targets, but they also intercepted Israeli aircraft over Syrian airspace on multiple occasions.

During the ongoing conflict in Ukraine, the Su-35 has faced more challenging conditions, particularly against Western-supplied air defenses such as the Patriot missile batteries. Reports from Oryx, an online platform tracking Russian equipment losses, indicate that up to 8 Su-35s have been destroyed in combat. The last reported loss occurred when a Ukrainian F-16 Fighting Falcon, supported by a Swedish reconnaissance aircraft, shot down the aircraft.

Despite these challenges, the Su-35 continues to be a formidable force. Its advanced maneuverability, avionics, and weapon systems have allowed it to remain effective despite the high cost of combat in Ukraine. The aircraft's performance underscores its value as a critical component of Russia's air power strategy.